會議論文
| 學年 | 89 |
|---|---|
| 學期 | 2 |
| 發表日期 | 2001-06-15 |
| 作品名稱 | 覆土式壓力儲槽之設計與安全理論解析 |
| 作品名稱（其他語言） | Design and Safety Assessment of Earth-Covered Tanks |
| 著者 | 陳錫仁; 張煖 |
| 作品所屬單位 | 淡江大學化學工程學系 |
| 出版者 | |
| 會議名稱 | 九十年度化工安全研究成果發表會 |
| 會議地點 | 臺北市, 臺灣 |
| 摘要 | 化學工業利用儲槽貯存暫時性的原料、中間原料、半成品或成品，是化工廠內極為重要的容器。一般而言，儲槽可分球型、臥式圓筒型、立式圓柱型等不一而足。化學工廠內儲槽比起其它製程設備似乎脆弱許多，常因過壓、真空、附屬管線破管等等因素造成化學品外洩而引起嚴重災害。地下儲槽與地上儲槽同樣的作貯存液體、流體及氣體之用。地下儲槽與地上儲槽有不同的應用價值，如何選擇適當的儲槽及其附屬設備作為特殊用途，則需周詳考慮許多因素。具體而言，地上儲槽較易建造及偵漏，地上儲槽具較低之外洩風險，且較少維修、記錄之需求；然而，地上儲槽較易受火災的侵襲，地上儲槽亦需較大之土地面積，地上儲槽需設置在工廠之特別安全區，地上儲槽較易受無心或有意的破壞，地上儲槽也受貯存總量的限制。相對於地上儲槽，地下儲槽具較低之火災侵襲風險，地下儲槽亦具較大之固定土地面積的應用；然而，地下儲槽需較多的維修保養，地下儲槽亦具較易外洩之風險，地下儲槽如洩漏亦可能汙染到土壤與地下水。覆土式壓力儲槽除可取代球型儲槽外，更具提高安全性、節省土地面積，並符合環保要求及降低建造成本之優點。覆土式壓力儲槽若能克服保養、腐蝕、地震、豪雨等等問題，或可成為明日之星。國內地狹人稠，一般廠區、儲槽、綠帶間之安全距離普遍不足，是故目標明顯的高壓液化氣球型儲槽，常成為社區民眾抗爭的對象，以覆土式壓力儲槽取代目前的球型槽或可成為離島工業區、內陸工業區新建高壓液化氣儲槽的參考。本文針對化學工業之覆土式儲槽提出設計與安全理論之解析。 Storage tanks are used extensively in the chemical process industriesfor storing raw materials, intermediate raw materials, semi-productsand final products. Storage tanks are considered as very importantprocess vessels in chemical plants. Generally, the storage tank can bein spherical shape, horizontal cylindrical shape, and verticalcylindrical shape, etc. No item of equipment is involved in moreaccidents than storage tanks in the chemical process industry,probably because they are fragile and easily damaged by fire attack,or slight overpressure, or vacuum. Underground Storage tanks ( USTs)and aboveground storage tanks (ASTs) are used to store a variety ofliquids, fluids and gases. Many factors need to be considered beforeselecting the storage tank and accessories to suit a specificapplication. In general, ASTs are easier to install and to monitor forleaks. They also offer a decreased risk of leakage and reducedmaintenance and record-keeping requirements. However, ASTs present agreater fire risk, have increased land needs, may have special zoningrequirements, are more prone to vandalism/damage and can be limited incapacity. USTs offer a decreased fire risk and often allow expandedland use. However, they present greater installation and maintenancechallenges, as well as an increased potential for leaks, which couldresult in soil and/or ground water contamination. Earth-covered tanksoffer both fire safety and economic land use; therefore, they can beused in substitution for spherical tanks provided that problemsconsequent on maintenance, corrosion, earthquake, shower rains can besolved. Most often, safety distance between storage tank farms andprocess area are not separated enough in chemical plants of Taiwan.Earth-covered tanks have potential in place of spherical tank spheres,both in offshore and in-land industrial area. The present project willpropose safety guidelines for earth-covered tanks in the chemicalprocess plant of Taiwan. In this study, we discuss the design and lookinto the theoretical background of safety aspects for earth-coveredtanks. |
| 關鍵字 | 覆土式壓力儲槽;安全評估;工業安全;Earth-Covered Tank;Safety Assessment;Industrial Safety |
| 語言 | zh_TW |
| 收錄於 | |
| 會議性質 | |
| 校內研討會地點 | |
| 研討會時間 | 20010615~20010615 |
| 通訊作者 | |
| 國別 | TWN |
| 公開徵稿 | Y |
| 出版型式 | 紙本 |
| 出處 | 九十年度化工安全研究成果發表會論文集 |
| 相關連結 |
機構典藏連結 ( http://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw:8080/dspace/handle/987654321/94965 ) |